OFFICIAL SITE OF THE STATE OF NEW JERSEY

BACT – means Best Available Control Technology. An emission limitation based on the maximum degree of emission reduction (considering energy, environmental, and economic impacts) achievable through application of production processes and available methods, systems, and techniques. BACT does not permit emissions in excess of those allowed under any applicable Clean Air Act provisions. Use of the BACT concept is allowable on a case-by-case basis for major new or modified emissions sources in attainment areas and applies to each regulated pollutant.

BART – means Best Available Retrofit Technology. Under the NAAQS, the USEPA requires states to make a BART analysis to predict the effect of forcing all plants to install scrubbers. States must then either carry out the forced scrubbing program, or create a state cap and trade system.

Biogenic Sources – Biogenic emissions are produced by living organisms or biological processes. This biogenic inventory includes emissions from plant matter as well as humans, domestic animals, and wild animals.

BPU – means Board of Public Utilities. The Board of Public Utilities is a regulatory authority with a statutory mandate to ensure safe, adequate, and proper utility services at reasonable rates for customers in New Jersey.

CAA – means Clean Air Act. The Federal Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 7401 et seq., as amended and supplemented. The original Clean Air Act was passed in 1963, but our national air pollution control program is actually based on the 1970 version of the law. The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments are the most far-reaching revisions of the 1970 law. In this summary, we refer to the 1990 amendments as the 1990 Clean Air Act.

CAIR – means Clean Air Interstate Rule. CAIR will permanently cap emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the eastern United States.

CAMR – means Clean Air Mercury Rule. The USEPA issued the Clean Air Mercury Rule to permanently cap and reduce mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants.

CARB – means California Air Resources Board. The agency or its successor agency established and empowered to regulate sources of air pollution in the State of California, including motor vehicles, pursuant to section 39003, California Health & Safety Code, 1999, as amended or supplemented.

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) – means a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas at standard conditions, having a molecular composition of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.

Carbon Monoxide (CO) – A colorless, odorless, tasteless gas at standard conditions, having a molecular composition of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom. CO is produced by incomplete burning of carbon-based fuels: including gasoline, oil and wood.  Carbon monoxide is also produced from incomplete combustion of many natural and synthetic products.

CFR – means the Code of Federal Regulations. The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is a codification of the rules published in the Federal Register by Executive departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The CFR is divided into 50 titles which represent broad areas subject to Federal regulation, with environmental regulations contained mainly in title 40. Each volume of the CFR is revised once each calendar year. Title 40 is revised every July 1.

Clean Air Act (CAA) – means the Federal Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 7401 et seq., as amended and supplemented. The original Clean Air Act was passed in 1963, but our national air pollution control program is actually based on the 1970 version of the law. The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments are the most far-reaching revisions of the 1970 law. In this summary, we refer to the 1990 amendments as the 1990 Clean Air Act.

Cleaner Fuel – means a fuel other than a combustion source’s primary fuel, the combustion of which results in a rate of NOx emissions that is less than the rate of NOx emissions when the primary fuel is combusted, all other circumstances being equal.

CO – means carbon monoxide. A colorless, odorless, tasteless gas at standard conditions, having a molecular composition of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom.  CO is produced by incomplete burning of carbon-based fuels: including gasoline, oil and wood.  Carbon monoxide is also produced from incomplete combustion of many natural and synthetic products.

Combustion Source – means a source operation or item of equipment which combusts fuel.

Combustion Turbine – means an internal combustion engine fueled by liquid or gaseous fuel, in which blades are driven by combustion gases to generate mechanical energy in the form of a rotation shaft that drives an electric generator or other industrial equipment.

Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS) – machines, which measure, on a continuous basis, pollutants released by a source. The 1990 Clean Air Act requires continuous emission monitoring systems for certain large sources.

Control Technology, Measure, Apparatus – equipment, processes or actions which prevents or controls the emission of any air contaminant directly or indirectly into the outdoor atmosphere.

Criteria Air Pollutants – means any air contaminant for which a NAAQS has been promulgated under 40 CFR 50 or for which a New Jersey Ambient Air Quality Standard has been promulgated in N.J.A.C. 7:27-13.

CTG – means Control Technique Guidance. EPA documents designed to assist state and local pollution authorities to achieve and maintain air quality standards for certain sources (e.g., organic emissions from solvent metal cleaning known as degreasing) through reasonably available control technologies (RACT).

DEP (or NJDEP) – means the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection.

DOT – means the New Jersey Department of Transportation.

DPM – means diesel particulate matter.

DVRPC – means Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission. Serving the Greater Philadelphia and New Jersey counties of Mercer, Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester. DVRPC is the federally designated metropolitan planning organization for the region who works to foster regional cooperation in a nine-county, two-state area. Representatives from city, county, and state agencies work together to address key issues, including transportation, land use, environmental protection, information sharing, and economic development.

EGAS – means Economic Growth Analysis System. The USEPA’s EGAS model is used to project emissions inventories for various pollutants. These growth factors, represent the ratio of a projection year’s activity level from a base year activity level.

EGU – means electric generating unit. A combustion or steam generating source used for generating electricity that delivers all or part of its power to the electric power distribution grid for commercial sale.

Eight-Hour Ozone Standards – The National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone where the required limit is averaged over 8 hours. For a given geographic area to be in compliance with the standard, its fourth highest 8-hour concentration in a year, averaged over three years, must be equal to or less than the standard.

Electric generating unit (EGU) – means a combustion or steam generating source used for generating electricity that delivers all or part of its power to the electric power distribution grid for commercial sale.

Emergency – means any situation that arose from sudden and reasonably unforeseeable events beyond the control of an owner or operator of a facility, such as an unforeseen system capacity shortage caused by an act of God, that requires immediate corrective action to prevent system collapse or to restore normal operations at the facility.

Emission – release of pollutants into the air from a source. We say sources emit pollutants. Continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) are machines which some large sources are required to install, to make continuous measurements of pollutant release.

Emission Factor – The relationship between the amount of pollution produced and the amount of raw material processed. For example, an emission factor for a blast furnace making iron would be the number of pounds of particulates per ton of raw materials.

Emission Statement – means a report of the actual annual emissions of a facility submitted by the owner or operator to the Department pursuant to the requirements of N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.

Enforcement – The legal methods used to make polluters comply with air quality regulations. Enforcement methods include citations of polluters for violations of the law (citations are much like traffic tickets), fines, and even jail terms. The USEPA and the state and local governments are responsible for enforcement of the Federal Clean Air Act, but if they don’t enforce the law, members of the public can sue the USEPA or the states to get action. Citizens can also sue violating sources, apart from any action the USEPA or state or local governments have taken. Before the 1990 Clean Air Act, all enforcement actions had to be handled through the courts. The 1990 Clean Air Act gave the USEPA authority so that, in some cases, the USEPA can fine violators without going to court first. The purpose of this new authority is to speed up violating sources’ compliance with the law and reduce court time and cost.

Equipment – means any device capable of causing the emission of an air contaminant either directly or indirectly to the outdoor atmosphere, and any stack or chimney, conduit, flue, duct, vent or similar device connected or attached to, or serving the equipment. This term includes, but is not limited to, a device in which the preponderance of the air contaminants emitted is caused by a manufacturing process.

EPA (or USEPA) – means the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

Facility – means the combination of all structures, buildings, equipment, storage tanks, source operations, and other operations located on one or more contiguous or adjacent properties owned or operated by the same person.

Federally Enforceable – means all limitations and conditions on operation, productions, or emissions that can be enforced by the USEPA pursuant to authorities that include, but are not limited to, those established in rule, regulation, or permit.

Federal Implementation Plan (FIP) – Under current law, a federally implemented plan to achieve attainment of air quality standards, used when a state is unable to develop an adequate plan.

FRM – means Federal Reference Method.

Fossil Fuel – Fuel derived from ancient organic remains; e.g. peat, coal, crude oil, and natural gas.

Fuel – means solid, liquid or gaseous material used to produce useful heat by burning.

Fugitive Emissions – Emissions not caught by a capture system.

Gasoline – means any petroleum distillate or petroleum distillate/oxygenated blend having a Reid vapor pressure of four pounds per square inch (207 millimeters of mercury) absolute or greater, and commonly or commercially known or sold as gasoline.

Greenhouse Effect – The warming of the Earth’s atmosphere attributed to a buildup of carbon dioxide or other gases. Some scientists think that this build-up allows the sun’s rays to heat the Earth, while making the infra-red radiation atmosphere opaque to infra-red radiation, thereby preventing a counterbalancing loss of heat.

Greenhouse Gas – A gas, such as carbon dioxide or methane, which contributes to potential climate change.

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) – means the value specified by the manufacturer as the maximum design loaded weight of a single vehicle.

Hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) – chemicals that cause serious health and environmental effects. Health effects include cancer, birth defects, nervous system problems and death due to massive accidental releases such as occurred at the pesticide plant in Bhopal, India. HAPs are released by sources such as chemical plants, dry cleaners, printing plants, and motor vehicles (cars, trucks, buses, etc.)

HDDE – means a heavy-duty diesel engine. A diesel engine that is used to propel a heavy-duty diesel vehicle.

HDDV – means heavy-duty diesel vehicle. A motor vehicle with a GVWR greater than 14,000 pounds that is equipped with a heavy-duty diesel engine.

HDGV – means heavy-duty gasoline vehicle. A gasoline-fueled motor vehicle that has a GVWR exceeding 8,500 pounds and is designed primarily for transporting persons or property.

HP – means horsepower.

Hydrocarbons (HC) – means any compound or mixture of compounds whose molecules consist of atoms of hydrogen and carbon only.

Inspection and Maintenance Program (I/M program) – Auto inspection programs are required for some polluted areas. These periodic inspection checks whether a car is being maintained to keep pollution down and whether emission control systems are working properly. Vehicles which do not pass inspection must be repaired. Under the 1990 Clean Air Act, some areas have enhanced inspection and maintenance programs, using special machines that can check for such things as how much pollution a car produces during actual driving conditions.

International Air Pollution – Pollution that moves across national borders. The 1990 Clean Air Act includes provisions for cooperative efforts to reduce pollution that originates in one North American country and affects another.

Interstate Air Pollution – In many areas, two or more states share the same air. We say these states are in the same air basin defined by geography and wind patterns. Often, air pollution moves out of the state in which it is produced into another state.  Some pollutants, such as the power plant combustion products that cause acid rain, may travel over several states before affecting health, the environment, and property. The 1990 Clean Air Act includes many provisions, such as interstate compacts, to help states work together to protect the air they share. Reducing interstate air pollution is very important since many Americans live and work in areas where more than one state is part of a single metropolitan area.

LADCO – means Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium. The main purpose of LADCO is to provide technical assessments for and assistance to its member states on problems of air quality; and to provide a forum for its member states to discuss air quality issues.

LAER – means Lowest Achievable Emissions Rate. Under the Federal Clean Air Act, the most stringent emission limitation derived from either (1) the most stringent emission limitation in the implementation plan of any state for such source or category of source; or (2) the most stringent emission limitation achieved in practice by such class or category of sources.

LDD – mean Light-Duty Diesel.

LDDT – means Light-Duty Diesel Truck.

LDDV – means light-duty diesel vehicle. A diesel-powered motor vehicle, other than a diesel bus, that has a GVWR of 8,500 pounds or less and is designed primarily for transporting persons or property.

LDGT – means light-duty gasoline truck. A gasoline-fueled motor vehicle that has a GVWR of 8,500 pounds or less, a vehicle curb weight of 6,000 pounds or less, and a basic frontal area of 45 square feet or less, and that is designed primarily for the transportation of property or more than 12 passengers; or is available with special features enabling off‑street or off‑highway operation and use.

LDGV – means light-duty gasoline vehicle. A gasoline-fueled motor vehicle that has a GVWR of 8,500 pounds or less, is designed primarily for use as a passenger car or is a passenger car derivative and is capable of seating no more than 12 passengers.

LHDDV – means light heavy-duty Diesel Vehicle.

Lead (Pb) – means elemental lead or any compound containing lead measured as elemental lead. A heavy metal that is hazardous to health if breathed or swallowed. Its use in gasoline, paints, and plumbing compounds has been sharply restricted or eliminated by federal laws and regulations.

MACT – means Maximum Achievable Control Technology. The emission standard for sources of air pollution requiring the maximum reduction of hazardous emissions, taking cost and feasibility into account. Under the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the MACT must not be less than the average emission level achieved by controls on the best performing 12 percent of existing sources, by category of industrial and utility sources.

MANE-VU – means Mid-Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union. MANE-VU was formed by the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern states, tribes, and federal agencies to coordinate regional haze planning activities for the region. MANE-VU provides technical assessments and assistance to its members, evaluates linkages to other regional air pollution issues, provides a forum for discussion, and encourages coordinated actions. MANE-VU also facilitates coordination with other regions.

MARAMA – means Mid-Atlantic Regional Air Management Association. MARAMA is a voluntary, non-profit association of ten state and local air pollution control agencies. MARAMA’s mission is to strengthen the skills and capabilities of member agencies and to help them work together to prevent and reduce air pollution in the Mid-Atlantic Region.

Maximum Gross Heat Input Rate – means the maximum amount of fuel a combustion source is able to combust in a given period as stated by the manufacturer of the combustion source. This term is expressed in BTU’s per hour, based on the highest BTU value of the fuels combusted.

Mercury (Hg) – Heavy metal that can accumulate in the environment and is highly toxic if breathed or swallowed.

Mobile equipment – means equipment which may be driven or is capable of being driven or pulled on a roadway including, but not limited to, automobiles, trucks, including truck cabs, truck bodies and truck trailers, buses, motorcycles, camper shells, mobile cranes, bulldozers, street cleaning machines, golf carts, ground support vehicles used in support of aircraft activities at airports, and farm equipment.

Monitoring – Measurement of air pollution is referred to as monitoring. The USEPA, state, and local agencies measure the types and amounts of pollutants in community air. The 1990 Clean Air Act requires certain large polluters to perform enhanced monitoring to provide an accurate picture of their pollutant releases.

Motor vehicle – means every device in, upon, or by which a person or property is or may be transported otherwise than by muscular power, excepting such devices that run only upon rails or tracks and motorized bicycles.

MPO – means Metropolitan Planning Organization. Under federal legislation (see TEA-21), MPO’s provide a forum where local officials, public transportation providers and state agency representatives can come together and cooperatively plan to meet a region’s current and future transportation needs. Each MPO establishes its region’s eligibility to receive federal tax dollars for transportation projects. MPO’s carry the lead responsibility for developing transportation plans and programs for urbanized areas of 50,000 people or more.

MW – means megawatt.

NAA – means Nonattainment Area. A geographic area in which the level of criteria airs pollutant is higher than the level allowed by the federal standards. A single geographic area may have acceptable levels of one criteria air pollutant but unacceptable levels on one or more other criteria air pollutants; thus, an area can be both attainment and nonattainment at the same time.

NAICS – means the the North American Industry Classification System and is the standard used by Federal statistical agencies in classifying business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the U.S. business economy. NAICS was developed under the auspices of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and adopted in 1997 to replace the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system.

National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) – means an ambient air quality standard promulgated at 40 CFR 50.

National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) – Emissions standards set by the USEPA for an air pollutant not covered by NAAQS that may cause an increase in fatalities or in serious, irreversible, or incapacitating illness. Primary standards are designed to protect human health, secondary standards to protect public welfare (e.g. building facades, visibility, crops, and domestic animals).

NESCAUM – means Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management. NESCAUM is a nonprofit association of air quality agencies in the Northeast. The Board of Directors consists of the air directors of the six New England states (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont), New Jersey, and New York. The staff of thirty provide scientific, technical, analytical, and policy support to the air quality programs of the eight Northeast states. NESCAUM works to create effective solutions to critical clean air issues that harmonize environmental, public health, economic, and other societal goals through cutting-edge scientific research, policy analysis, outreach, and demonstration projects.

New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) – U.S. federal standards promulgated for major and minor sources on a category-category basis. NSPS are national emission standards that are progressively tightened over time to achieve a steady rate of air quality improvement without unreasonable economic disruption. The NSPS imposes uniform requirements on new and modified sources through the nation. These standards are based on the best demonstrated technology (BDT).

New Source Review (NSR) – A program used in development of permits for new or modified industrial facilities which are in a nonattainment area, and which emit criteria air pollutants. The two major requirements of NSR are Best Available Control Technology (BACT) and emission offset.

N.J.A.C. – means New Jersey Administrative Code.

NJMVC – means New Jersey Motor Vehicles Commission within the New Jersey Department of Transportation.

NJTPA – means New Jersey Transportation Planning Authority. The federally authorized Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) for the 6 million people in the 13-county northern New Jersey region.

NLEV – means National Low Emission Vehicle. A program that creates voluntary requirements that U.S. automakers can adopt in lieu of compliance with other vehicle emission control measures. The program applies to the manufacture of new light-duty vehicles and new light-duty trucks up to 6,000 lb gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR).

Nitric Oxide (NO) – A gas formed by combustion under high temperature and high pressure in an internal combustion engine. NO is converted by sunlight and photochemical processes in ambient air to nitrogen oxide. NO is a precursor of ground-level ozone pollution, or smog.

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) – The result of nitric oxide combining with oxygen in the atmosphere; major component of photochemical smog.

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) – A criteria air pollutant. Nitrogen oxides are produced from burning fuels, including gasoline and coal. Nitrogen oxides are smog formers, which react with volatile organic compounds to form smog. Nitrogen oxides are also major components of acid rain.

Nonattainment Area – A geographic area in which the level of criteria air pollutant is higher than the level allowed by the federal standards. A single geographic area may have acceptable levels of one criteria air pollutant but unacceptable levels on one or more other criteria air pollutants; thus, an area can be both attainment and nonattainment at the same time.

Nonroad Mobile Source Air Emissions –Nonroad mobile air pollution emissions sources are also called “off-highway” mobile sources. These are defined as a nonroad engine or nonroad vehicle. As per 40 CFR 51.50, a nonroad engine is an internal combustion engine (including the fuel system) that is not used in a [on-road] motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition, or that is not affected by sections 111 or 202 of the CAA. Also defined by 40 CFR 51.50, a nonroad vehicle (rather than engine) is a vehicle that is run by a nonroad engine and that is not a [on-road] motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition. Examples of nonroad mobile sources include aircraft, airport ground support equipment, locomotives, CMVs, construction equipment powered by an internal combustion engine, agricultural equipment powered by an internal combustion engine, lawn and garden engines and equipment and recreational watercraft.

Offset – A method used in the 1990 Clean Air Act to give companies which own or operate large (major) source in a nonattainment area flexibility in meeting overall pollution reduction requirements when changing production processes. If the owner or operator of the source wishes to increase release of a criteria air pollutant, an offset (reduction of a somewhat greater amount of the same pollutant) must be obtained either at the same plant or by purchasing offsets from another company.

Onroad Mobile Source Air Emissions – Onroad mobile sources are also called “highway mobile sources.” These sources are the motor vehicles (e.g., automobiles, buses, trucks) traveling on local and highway roads. A motor vehicle is any self-propelled vehicle used to carry people or property on a street or highway (40 CFR 51.50).

Opacity – The amount of light obscured by particulate pollution in the air; clear window glass has zero opacity, a brick wall is 100 percent opaque. Opacity is an indicator of changes in performance of particulate control systems.

Open Burning – means any fire from which the products of combustion are emitted directly into the open air, and are not by design directed through a stack or chimney.

Organic Chemicals/Compounds – Naturally occurring (animal or plant-produced or synthetic) substances containing mainly carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.

OTC – means Ozone Transport Commission. The OTC is a multi-state organization created under the Clean Air Act (CAA), responsible for advising the USEPA on transport issues and for developing and implementing regional solutions to the ground-level ozone problem in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regions.

OTR – means Ozone Transport Region. The ozone transport region established pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 7511c(a), comprised of the States of Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Vermont, the Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area that includes northern portions of Virginia and the District of Columbia.

Oxidant – A collective term for some of the primary constituents of photochemical smog.

Oxygenated Fuel (oxyfuel) – A special type of gasoline, which burns more completely than regular gasoline in cold start conditions; more complete burning results in reduced production of carbon monoxide, a criteria air pollutant. In some parts of the country, where carbon monoxide release from cars starting up in cold weather makes a major contribution to pollution, gasoline refiners must market oxygenated fuels, which contain higher oxygen content than regular gasoline.

Ozone – a gas which is a variety of oxygen. The oxygen gas found in the air consists of two oxygen atoms stuck together; this is molecular oxygen. Ozone consists of three oxygen atoms stuck together into an ozone molecule. Ozone occurs in nature; it produces the sharp smell you notice near a lightening strike. High concentrations of ozone gas are found in a layer of the atmosphere – the stratosphere – high above the Earth. Stratospheric ozone shields the Earth against harmful rays from the sun, particularly ultraviolet B.  Smog’s main component is ozone; this ground-level ozone is a product of reactions among chemicals produced by burning coal, gasoline and other fuels, and chemicals found in products including solvents, paints, hairsprays, etc.

Ozone Season for Emission Statements Reporting  – means May 1 through September 30, inclusive, in New Jersey (NJAC 7:27-21).

Ozone Season for Monitoring – means March 1 through September 30, inclusive, in New Jersey (40 CFR 58).

Ozone Season, Peak – means June 1 through August 31, inclusive, in New Jersey (NJAC 7:27-21).

Ozone Transport Commission (OTC) – means the organization established pursuant to § 184(a) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. The members of this commission include an air pollution control official from each of the following jurisdictions: Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Virginia.

Ozone Transport Regions – The ozone transport region established pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 7511c(a), comprised of the States of Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Vermont, the Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area that includes northern portions of Virginia and the District of Columbia.

PAMS – means Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Station.

Particles – means any material, except uncombined water, which exists as liquid particles or solid particles at standard conditions.

PM2.5 – means a class of air contaminants, which includes all particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 microns.

PM10 – A criteria air pollutant; Means a class of air contaminants, which includes all particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 microns. Particulate matter includes dust, soot and other tiny bits of solid materials that are released into and move around in the air. Particulates are produced by many sources, including burning of diesel fuels by trucks and buses, incineration of garbage, mixing and application of fertilizers and pesticides, road construction, industrial processes such as steel making, mining operations, agricultural burning (field and slash burning), and operation of fireplaces and woodstoves. Particulate pollution can cause eye, nose and throat irritation and other health problems.

Peak Ozone Season – means June 1 through August 31, inclusive.

Permit – means any permit issued pursuant to the requirements established under the Air Pollution Control Act, N.J.S.A. 26:C-1 et seq., or N.J.A.C. 7:27-1 et seq., except to the extent that the permit includes any prohibition established solely pursuant to N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.8(f).

PJM – means PJM Interconnection LLC, or any successor to PJM as the Regional Transmission Organization, approved by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), serving a region that includes New Jersey as well as all or parts of other states.

Point Source Air Emissions – As defined in 40 CFR 51.50, point sources are large, stationary (non-mobile), identifiable sources of emissions that release pollutants into the atmosphere. A point source in New Jersey includes, but is not limited to, a facility that is a major source under 40 CFR part 70 for one or more of the pollutants for which reporting is required by 40 CFR 51.15 (a)(1). This does not include the emissions of hazardous air pollutants, which are not considered in determining whether a source is a point source for ozone, PM2.5, and regional haze emissions inventory development and reporting. These point sources can be associated with a single point or group of points in space. Examples of important point source emissions categories include power plants, industrial boilers, petroleum refineries, cement plants, and other industrial plants.

In New Jersey, a point source is defined as a stationary facility that emits or has the potential to emit at or above any of the following thresholds:

•          10 tons per year of VOC
•          25 tons per year of NOx
•          100 tons per year of carbon monoxide, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, ammonia

Pollutants – unwanted chemicals or other material found in the air. Pollutants can harm health, the environment and property. Many air pollutants occur as gases or vapors, but some are very tiny solid particles: dust, smoke, or soot.

Potential to Emit – means the maximum aggregate capacity of a source operation or of a facility to emit an air contaminant under its physical or operational design. Any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of a source operation or a facility to emit an air contaminant, including control apparatus, and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored or processed, shall be treated as part of its design if the limitation is federally enforceable. If there is no federally enforceable limitation on the hours of operation of a course operation, then any determination of the maximum design capacity shall be based on a presumption of operation at 8760 hours per year. This term includes the fugitive emissions emitted by the source operation or facility as calculated in a manner consistent with the provisions of N.J.A.C. 7:27-21 and current guidance issued by the Department pursuant thereto.

Precursor – In photochemistry, a compound antecedent to a pollutant. For example, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides react in sunlight to form ozone or other photochemical oxidants. As such, VOCs and oxides of nitrogen are precursors.

Primary Standard – A pollution limit based on health effects. Primary standards are set for criteria air pollutants.

Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) – A system of procedures, checks, audits, and corrective actions to ensure that all research design and performance, environmental monitoring and sampling, and other technical and reporting activities achieve the program’s desired data quality objectives.

RACM – means Reasonably Available Control Measure as defined by USEPA in accordance with Section 172(c)(1) of the CAA and subsequent rules and guidance. In general, USEPA interprets the RACM provision to require a demonstration that the state has adopted all reasonable measures (including RACT) to meet RFP requirements and to demonstrate attainment as expeditiously as practicable. They also require an additional analysis to determine if there are any additional RACM that will advance the attainment date by at least one year.  They further interpret RACM to mean measures that are technologically and economically feasible, do not cause substantial widespread and long term adverse impact, or are absurd, unenforceable or impracticable.

RACT – means Reasonably Available Control Technology as defined by USEPA in accordance with CAA Sections 184(b)(1) and 184(b)(2).  RACT is for all existing VOC and NOx source categories covered by a Control Techniques Guideline (CTG), and for all other major sources of VOC and NOx, including those covered by an Alternative Control Techniques (ACT).  RACT is defined by the USEPA as the lowest emission limitation that a particular source is capable of meeting by the application of control technology that is reasonably available considering technological and economic feasibility.

Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) – A cooperative effort by Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic states to reduce carbon dioxide emissions to control interstate transport and international transport of greenhouse gases.

Reformulated gasoline (RFG) – specially refined gasoline with low levels of smog-forming volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the low levels of hazardous air pollutants. The 1990 Clean Air Act requires sale of reformulated gasoline in the nine smoggiest areas. Reformulated gasolines were sold in several smoggy areas even before the 1990 Clean Air Act was passed.

RFP – means Reasonable Further Progress as defined by USEPA as the emissions reductions required under CAA Sections 172(c)(2), 182(b)(1), 182(c)(2)(B) and (c)(2)(C).  RFP is the annual incremental reductions in certain air pollutant emissions as demonstrated in the State Implementation Plans that the USEPA requires to provide for the attainment of the applicable national ambient air quality standards by the statutory deadline.

RTP – means Regional Transportation Plan. The federally mandated long-range transportation plan for the region. It sets out a vision for development of the transportation system over the next twenty years and serves as an investment guide for the region. Updated every three years.

RH – means Regional Haze. The haze produced by a multitude of sources and activities, which emit fine particles and their precursors across a broad geographic area. The U.S. regulations require states to develop plans to reduce the regional haze that impairs visibility in Class I areas.

ROP – means Rate of Progress, which is a subset of RFP. USEPA defines ROP as “the 15 percent progress reductions in VOC emissions over the first six years required under CAA section 182(b)(1).”

RRF – means Relative Reduction Factor, which for ozone means the ratio of a photochemical model’s future year ozone estimates to baseline year ozone estimates at each ozone monitor.

SCC – means Standard Classification Code as established by the USEPA.

Secondary Standard – a pollution limit based on environmental effects such as damage to property, plants, visibility, etc. Secondary standards are set for criteria air pollutants.

SIC – means the Standard Industrial Classification code devised by the United States Office of Management and Budget to classify establishments according to the type of economic activity in which they are engaged. SIC codes were replaced by NAICS codes in 1997.

SIP – means State Implementation Plan. A detailed description of the programs a state will use to carry out its responsibilities under the Clean Air Act. State implementation plans are collections of the regulations used by a state to reduce air pollution in nonattainment areas. The Clean Air Act requires that the USEPA approve each state implementation plan. Members of the public are given opportunities to participate in review and approval of state implementation plans.

SJTPO – means South Jersey Transportation Planning Organization. The SJTPO is the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) serving Atlantic, Cape May, Cumberland, and Salem counties in South Jersey.

Smog – a mixture of pollutants, principally ground-level ozone.

SO2 – means Sulfur Dioxide. A criteria air pollutant. Sulfur dioxide is a gas produced by burning coal, most notably in power plants. Some industrial processes, such as production of paper and smelting of metals, produce sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide is closely related to sulfuric acid, a strong acid. Sulfur dioxide plays an important role in the production of acid rain.

SOx – means Oxides of Sulfur.

Source – any place or object from which pollutant emissions are released.  Source air emissions are generally classified into four categories: point stationary sources, area or nonpoint stationary sources, onroad mobile sources and nonroad mobile sources.

Source Gas – means air or gases passed through, or generated by, a source operation and discharged from the source operation.

Source Operation – means any process or any identifiable part thereof that emits or can reasonably be anticipated to emit any air contaminant either directly or indirectly into the outdoor atmosphere.  A source operation may include one or more pieces of equipment or control apparatus.

Stage I or Phase I Vapor Recovery System – means a system that controls vapors during the transfer of gasoline from a delivery vessel to a gasoline dispensing facility vessel.

Stage II or Phase II Vapor Recovery System – means a system that controls vapors during the transfer of gasoline from a gasoline dispensing facility vessel to a motor vehicle.

STAPPA – means State and Territorial Air Pollution Program Administrators. A national association of air pollution control agencies throughout the United States

State Implementation Plan (SIP) – A detailed description of the programs a state will use to carry out its responsibilities under the Clean Air Act. State implementation plans are collections of the regulations used by a state to reduce air pollution in nonattainment areas. The Clean Air Act requires that the USEPA approve each state implementation plan. Members of the public are given opportunities to participate in review and approval of state implementation plans.

Stationary Source – a place or object from which pollutants are released and which does not move around.  Stationary sources include power plants, gas stations, incinerators, houses etc.

Stratosphere – part of the atmosphere, the gases that encircle the Earth. The stratosphere is a layer of the atmosphere 9-31 miles above the Earth. Ozone in the stratosphere filters out harmful sunrays, including a type of sunlight called ultraviolet B, which has been linked to health and environmental damage.

SULEV – means Super Ultra Low-Emission Vehicle.

Sulfur Dioxide – a criteria air pollutant. Sulfur dioxide is a gas produced by burning coal, most notably in power plants. Some industrial processes, such as production of paper and smelting of metals, produce sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide is closely related to sulfuric acid, a strong acid. Sulfur dioxide plays an important role in the production of acid rain.

TCMs – means Transportation Control Measures. TCMs are projects that are identified in the State Implementation Plan for air quality as providing specific, measurable benefits for air quality improvement.

TDM – means Transportation Demand Management. TDMs are actions to reduce transportation demand.

Toxic air pollutant – as defined for emission statement reporting means any of the substances listed in N.J.A.C. 7:27-21, Appendix 1, Table 1.

tpd – means tons per day.

tpy – means tons per year.

ULEV – means Ultra Low-Emission Vehicle. A motor vehicle which has been certified as not exceeding the applicable standards set forth in N.J.A.C. 7:27-26.4.

USEPA – means United States Environmental Protection Agency.

Ultraviolet B (UVB) – a type of sunlight. The ozone in the stratosphere, high above the Earth, filters out the ultraviolet B rays and keeps them from reaching the Earth. Ultraviolet B exposure has been associated with skin cancer, eye cataracts, and damage to the environment. Thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere results in increased amounts of ultraviolet B reaching the Earth.

VISTAS – means Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the Southeast. A collaborative effort of state governments, tribal governments, and various federal agencies established to initiate and coordinate activities associated with the management of regional haze, visibility, and other air quality issues in the Southeastern United States.

VMT – means vehicle miles traveled. One vehicle traveling the distance of one mile equals one VMT. This measure is used to estimate congestion, fuel consumption, and a host of other key transportation-related factors.

Volatile Organic Compound or VOC – means a volatile organic compound as that term is defined by the USEPA at 40 CFR 51.100(s).  A VOC per this definition is any compound of carbon (other than carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbonates, metallic carbides, and ammonium carbonate) which participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions.  This term excludes those compounds which the USEPA has excluded from its definition of VOC in the list set forth at 40 CFR 51.100(s).

ZEV – means Zero Emission Vehicles. Any vehicle which is certified by the Executive Officer of the California Air Resources Board to produce zero emissions of any criteria pollutants under any and all possible operational modes and conditions. Incorporation of a fuel-fired heater shall not preclude a vehicle from being certified as a ZEV provided the fuel-fired heater cannot be operated at ambient temperatures above 40 degrees Fahrenheit and the heater is demonstrated to have zero evaporative emissions under any and all possible operational modes and conditions.