
EPA PFAS Rule
Summary
On April 10, 2024, EPA announced the final National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) for six PFAS. To inform the final rule, EPA evaluated over 120,000 comments submitted by the public on the rule proposal, as well as considered input received during multiple consultations and stakeholder engagement activities held both prior to and following the proposed rule. EPA expects that over many years the final rule will prevent PFAS exposure in drinking water for approximately 100 million people, prevent thousands of deaths, and reduce tens of thousands of serious PFAS-attributable illnesses.
EPA is also making unprecedented funding available to help ensure that all people have clean and safe water. In addition to today’s final rule, $1 billion in newly available through the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law to help states and territories implement PFAS testing and treatment at public water systems and to help owners of private wells address PFAS contamination.
EPA finalized a National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) establishing legally enforceable levels, called Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs), for six PFAS in drinking water. PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFNA, and HFPO-DA as contaminants with individual MCLs, and PFAS mixtures containing at least two or more of PFHxS, PFNA, HFPO-DA, and PFBS using a Hazard Index MCL to account for the combined and co-occurring levels of these PFAS in drinking water. EPA also finalized health-based, non-enforceable Maximum Contaminant Level Goals (MCLGs) for these PFAS. The final rule requires:
Compound | EPA Final MCLG (ppt) | EPA Final MCL (ppt) | NJDEP 2018 & 2020 MCLs (ppt) |
---|---|---|---|
PFOA | Zero | 4.0 | 14 |
PFOS | Zero | 4.0 | 13 |
PFNA | 10 | 10 | 13 |
PFHxS | 10 | 10 | N/A |
HFPO-DA (commonly known as GenX Chemicals) | 10 | 10 | N/A |
Mixtures containing two or more of PFNA, PFHxS, HFPO-DA, and PFBS | 1 (unitless) Hazard Index |
1 (unitless) Hazard Index |
N/A |
- Public water systems must monitor for these PFAS and have three years to complete initial monitoring (by 2027), followed by ongoing compliance monitoring. Water systems must also provide the public with information on the levels of these PFAS in their drinking water beginning in 2027.
- Public water systems have five years (by 2029) to implement solutions that reduce these PFAS if monitoring shows that drinking water levels exceed these MCLs.
- Beginning in five years (2029), public water systems that have PFAS in drinking water which violates one or more of these MCLs must take action to reduce levels of these PFAS in their drinking water and must provide notification to the public of the violation.
For New Jersey:
Water systems are strongly encouraged to begin taking proactive measures to comply with the EPA’s standards, such as increased monitoring, designing, and installing treatment, and begin engaging customers in communication as outlined by NJDEP in prior communications.