Morphology

Trichomes more or less parallel–arranged, cylindrical, straight, slightly flexuous, and not constricted at the cross-walls; Ends bent and spherically capitate; motile, with intense gliding in the direction of the longitudinal axis. Cells rarely short, up to 2–4(6)× longer than wide, 3.5–8 μm long, pale grayish, blue–green or bright blue–green without aerotopes (Strunecky et al., 2017).

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Toxins and toxicity

Presence of pro-inflammatory and antiacetylcholinesterase (anti-AChE) substances which can cause death and induce transient symptoms, such as dyspnea, paralysis, and pain in the mice based on laboratory bioassay (Rangel et al., 2014).

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Distribution and Occurrence

A common species in brackish waters in the north-temperate region. Observed in November 2022 and April 2023 samples in OWMW-1.

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References

Rangel, M., J. Martins, A. Garcia, G. Conserva, A. Costa-Neves, C. Sant’Anna, and L. De Carvalho. 2014. Analysis of the Toxicity and Histopathology Induced by the Oral Administration of Pseudanabaena galeata and Geitlerinema splendidum (Cyanobacteria) Extracts to Mice. Marine Drugs 12: 508–524. doi:10.3390/md12010508

Samylina, O. S., M. A. Sinetova, E. V. Kupriyanova, A. Y. Starikov, M. V. Sukhacheva, M. V. Dziuba, and T. P. Tourova. 2021. Ecology and biogeography of the ‘marine Geitlerinema ’ cluster and a description of Sodalinema orleanskyi sp. nov., Sodalinema gerasimenkoae sp. nov., Sodalinema stali sp. nov. and Baaleninema simplex gen. et sp. nov. (Oscillatoriales, Cyanobacteria). FEMS Microbiology Ecology fiab104. doi:10.1093/femsec/fiab104.

Strunecký, O., M. Bohunická, J. R. Johansen, K. Čapková, L. Raabová, P. Dvořák, and J. Komárek. 2017. A revision of the genus Geitlerinema and a description of the genus Anagnostidinema gen. nov. (Oscillatoriophycidae, Cyanobacteria). Fottea 17: 114–126. doi:10.5507/fot.2016.025

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